Stimulated by Rees et al 2025.[1] IF – impact factorHIS – international headache societydoi – digital object identifierTCC – trigeminocervical complex – key to acronyms This narrative review in Cephalalgia (IF 4.6) caught my eye because the title describes a clinical conundrum I have wrestled with for most of my career. That is whether or … Continue reading Neck pain in migraine 2025
Stimulated by Steen et al 2025.[1] MPS – myofascial pain syndrome(s)PM&R – physical medicine and rehabilitationMSK – musculoskeletalLS – lumbosacralIF – impact factorTPI – trigger point injectionLA – local anaestheticDN – dry needlingSR – systematic reviewRCT – randomised controlled trialLTR – local twitch responseIMS – intramuscular stimulation – key to acronyms Review papers on MPS … Continue reading MPS 2025
Stimulated by Hoheisel et al 2025.[1] Top part of Figure 1 in Hoheisel et al 2025.[1] DRG – dorsal root ganglionFG – fluorogold or fluorochrome yellowc-fos – a protein from the Fos family widely used as a marker for neuronal activityc-fos-ir – c-fos immunoreactivityDH – dorsal horn (of the spinal cord)VLP – ventral posterolateral nucleus … Continue reading Muscle pain – a neuroanatomical basis
Stimulated by Kazue Mizumura and Toru Taguchi 2024.[1] Figure 12 from Mizumura and Taguchi 2024.[1] IF – impact factorGPT – generative pre-trained transformerDRG – dorsal root ganglionDOMS – delayed onset muscle sorenessLC – lengthening contractionEDL – extensor digitorum longusNGF – nerve growth factorGDNF – glial cell line derived neurotrophic factorASIC – acid sensing ion channelTRPV … Continue reading Muscle pain – the neurochemical basis
Stimulated by Jorgensen et al 2024.[1] This is a section from the BMAS TrP chart with referral patterns relevant to the topic of this blog. MSK – musculoskeletalLS – lumbosacralIF – impact factorEDX – electrodiagnostic medicineNCS – nerve conduction studiesMPS – myofascial pain syndromeFAI – femoroacetabular impingementTrPs – trigger points (myofascial is implied)GTPS – greater trochanteric … Continue reading MSK mimics of LS radiculopathy – part 2
Stimulated by Bateman et al 2024.[1] This is a section from the BMAS TrP chart with referral patterns relevant to the topic of this blog. MSK – musculoskeletalLS – lumbosacralIF – impact factorLBP – low back painDRG – dorsal root ganglionNCS – nerve conduction studiesEMG – electromyographyOA – osteoarthritisFAI – femoroacetabular impingementQL – quadratus lumborumICT … Continue reading MSK mimics of LS radiculopathy
Stimulated by Lee et al 2023.[1] Photo by Jonny Goerend on Unsplash, with the cover of SJPAIN superimposed in the bottom right. PCP – post cholecystectomy painCABG – coronary artery bypass graftAMPS – abdominal myofascial pain syndromeTPI – trigger point injectionPRF – pulsed radiofrequencyUS – ultrasoundLA – local anaestheticNRS – numerical rating scaleEA – electroacupuncture … Continue reading Post cholecystectomy pain
…in infraspinatus and other muscles. Stimulated by Lee et al 2023.[1] Possible TrP locations in the infraspinatus muscle based on the frequency of finding EPZs. Yellow indicates the presence of EPZs in 90% to 100% of individuals. Green indicates the presence of EPZs in 50% to 80% of individuals. This is based on data from … Continue reading Where to needle 2023
Inspired by Yehoshua et al 2023.[1] Needling upper trapezius or GB21 with a subject sitting up and an angle that is tangential to the upper ribcage (from BMAS Points Resource). MTrP – myofascial trigger pointTrP – trigger pointDN – dry needling (mostly MTrP or TrP needling)GP – general practice or general practitioner (whichever is contextually … Continue reading MTrP needling in GP 2023
Inspired by Cozacov et al 2022 and others.[1–3] Photo by Juan Pablo Serrano Arenas on Pexels.com LBP – low back painQL – quadratus lumborumHC – healthy controlUS – ultrasoundNRS – numerical rating scaleLTR – local twitch responseFM – fibromyalgiaOA – osteoarthritisDOMS – delayed onset muscle soreness key to acronyms This is a small but interesting … Continue reading Muscle vs fascia in LBP
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